TY  - CONF
AU  - Kolarević, Stoimir
AU  - Micsinai, Adrienn
AU  - Szántó-Egész, Réka
AU  - Lukács, Alena
AU  - Kračun-Kolarević, Margareta
AU  - Djordjevic, Ana
AU  - Jovanović Marić, Jovana
AU  - Vojnović Milutinović, Danijela
AU  - Kirschner, Alexander K. T.
AU  - Farnleitner, Andreas
AU  - Linke, Rita
AU  - Djukic, Aleksandar
AU  - Kostić-Vuković, Jovana
AU  - Sunjog, Karolina
AU  - Paunović, Momir
PY  - 2022
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1920
AB  - Background
Wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance of COVID-19 and other outbreaks in the future is a challenge for developing countries, as the majority of households are not connected to sewerage systems. In December 2019, we have detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River at a site that is severely affected by wastewater of Belgrade. Considering that rivers are much more complex systems in comparison to wastewater, additional efforts are needed to address all the factors which might influence the adoption of WBE as an alternative of targeting raw wastewater.
Objectives
The major objective of this study was to provide a more detailed insight in the potential of  SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in Serbian surface waters under consideration of epidemiological, microbiological, physico-chemical and hydro-morphological parameters for epidemiological purposes.
Methodology
Water samples were collected at 12 sites at Sava and Danube Rivers in the Belgrade city area during the fourth COVID-19 wave in Serbia that started in late February 2021.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was quantified using RT-qPCR with primer sets targeting nucleocapsid (N1 and N2) and envelope (E) protein genes. Microbiological (standard fecal indicator bacteria and microbial faecal source tracking markers), epidemiological, physico-chemical and hydro-morphological parameters were analysed in parallel.
Results
Out of 44 samples analyzed, 31 were positive for at least one of the target regions of SARS-CoV-2. The results indicated that surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters in context with the large amount of epidemiological and environmental metadata can be used as epidemiological early-warning tool in countries with poor wastewater treatment.
PB  - Federation of European Microbiological Societies in association with Serbian Society for Microbiology (SSM)
C3  - FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology
T1  - Wastewater based epidemiology in countries with poor wastewater treatment - SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters
SP  - 614
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1920
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kolarević, Stoimir and Micsinai, Adrienn and Szántó-Egész, Réka and Lukács, Alena and Kračun-Kolarević, Margareta and Djordjevic, Ana and Jovanović Marić, Jovana and Vojnović Milutinović, Danijela and Kirschner, Alexander K. T. and Farnleitner, Andreas and Linke, Rita and Djukic, Aleksandar and Kostić-Vuković, Jovana and Sunjog, Karolina and Paunović, Momir",
year = "2022",
abstract = "Background
Wastewater-based epidemiology surveillance of COVID-19 and other outbreaks in the future is a challenge for developing countries, as the majority of households are not connected to sewerage systems. In December 2019, we have detected SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River at a site that is severely affected by wastewater of Belgrade. Considering that rivers are much more complex systems in comparison to wastewater, additional efforts are needed to address all the factors which might influence the adoption of WBE as an alternative of targeting raw wastewater.
Objectives
The major objective of this study was to provide a more detailed insight in the potential of  SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in Serbian surface waters under consideration of epidemiological, microbiological, physico-chemical and hydro-morphological parameters for epidemiological purposes.
Methodology
Water samples were collected at 12 sites at Sava and Danube Rivers in the Belgrade city area during the fourth COVID-19 wave in Serbia that started in late February 2021.
SARS-CoV-2 RNA was quantified using RT-qPCR with primer sets targeting nucleocapsid (N1 and N2) and envelope (E) protein genes. Microbiological (standard fecal indicator bacteria and microbial faecal source tracking markers), epidemiological, physico-chemical and hydro-morphological parameters were analysed in parallel.
Results
Out of 44 samples analyzed, 31 were positive for at least one of the target regions of SARS-CoV-2. The results indicated that surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters in context with the large amount of epidemiological and environmental metadata can be used as epidemiological early-warning tool in countries with poor wastewater treatment.",
publisher = "Federation of European Microbiological Societies in association with Serbian Society for Microbiology (SSM)",
journal = "FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology",
title = "Wastewater based epidemiology in countries with poor wastewater treatment - SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters",
pages = "614",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1920"
}

Kolarević, S., Micsinai, A., Szántó-Egész, R., Lukács, A., Kračun-Kolarević, M., Djordjevic, A., Jovanović Marić, J., Vojnović Milutinović, D., Kirschner, A. K. T., Farnleitner, A., Linke, R., Djukic, A., Kostić-Vuković, J., Sunjog, K.,& Paunović, M.. (2022). Wastewater based epidemiology in countries with poor wastewater treatment - SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters. in FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology
Federation of European Microbiological Societies in association with Serbian Society for Microbiology (SSM)., 614.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1920

Kolarević S, Micsinai A, Szántó-Egész R, Lukács A, Kračun-Kolarević M, Djordjevic A, Jovanović Marić J, Vojnović Milutinović D, Kirschner AKT, Farnleitner A, Linke R, Djukic A, Kostić-Vuković J, Sunjog K, Paunović M. Wastewater based epidemiology in countries with poor wastewater treatment - SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters. in FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology. 2022;:614.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1920 .

Kolarević, Stoimir, Micsinai, Adrienn, Szántó-Egész, Réka, Lukács, Alena, Kračun-Kolarević, Margareta, Djordjevic, Ana, Jovanović Marić, Jovana, Vojnović Milutinović, Danijela, Kirschner, Alexander K. T., Farnleitner, Andreas, Linke, Rita, Djukic, Aleksandar, Kostić-Vuković, Jovana, Sunjog, Karolina, Paunović, Momir, "Wastewater based epidemiology in countries with poor wastewater treatment - SARS-CoV-2 RNA in surface waters" in FEMS Conference on Microbiology in association with Serbian Society of Microbiology (2022):614,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1920 .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Kolarević, Stoimir
AU  - Micsinai, Adrienn
AU  - Szanto-Egesz, Reka
AU  - Lukacs, Alena
AU  - Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta
AU  - Lundy, Lian
AU  - Kirschner, Alexander K. T.
AU  - Farnleitner, Andreas
AU  - Djukic, Aleksandar
AU  - Colic, Jasna
AU  - Nenin, Tanja
AU  - Sunjog, Karolina
AU  - Paunović, Momir
PY  - 2021
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1489
AB  - In Serbia less than 13% of collected municipal wastewaters is being treated before their release in the environment. This includes all municipal wastewater discharges from Belgrade (capital city of Serbia; population 1,700,000). Previous research has identified the impacts of raw wastewater discharges from Belgrade on the Danube River, and this study investigated if such discharges also provided a pathway for SARS-CoV-2 RNA material. Samples were collected during the most critical circumstances that occurred so far within the COVID-19 pandemics in Serbia. Grab and composite samples were collected in December 2020, during the peak of the third wave (in terms of reported cases) at the site which receives the wastewater loads in Belgrade. Grab samples collected upstream and downstream of Belgrade were also analyzed. RNA was quantified using RT-qPCR with primer sets targeting nudeocapsid (N1 and N2) and envelope (E) protein genes. SARS-CoV-2 RNA (5.97 x 10(3) to 132 x 10(4) copies,1) was detected only in samples collected at the site strongly impacted by the wastewaters where all three applied primer sets gave positive signals. Determined concentrations correspond to those reported in wastewater influents sampled at treatment plants in other countries indicating an epidemiological indicator function of used approach for rivers with high pollution loads in countries with poor wastewater treatment.
PB  - Elsevier, Amsterdam
T2  - Science of the Total Environment
T1  - Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River in Serbia associated with the discharge of untreated wastewaters
VL  - 783
DO  - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146967
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Kolarević, Stoimir and Micsinai, Adrienn and Szanto-Egesz, Reka and Lukacs, Alena and Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta and Lundy, Lian and Kirschner, Alexander K. T. and Farnleitner, Andreas and Djukic, Aleksandar and Colic, Jasna and Nenin, Tanja and Sunjog, Karolina and Paunović, Momir",
year = "2021",
abstract = "In Serbia less than 13% of collected municipal wastewaters is being treated before their release in the environment. This includes all municipal wastewater discharges from Belgrade (capital city of Serbia; population 1,700,000). Previous research has identified the impacts of raw wastewater discharges from Belgrade on the Danube River, and this study investigated if such discharges also provided a pathway for SARS-CoV-2 RNA material. Samples were collected during the most critical circumstances that occurred so far within the COVID-19 pandemics in Serbia. Grab and composite samples were collected in December 2020, during the peak of the third wave (in terms of reported cases) at the site which receives the wastewater loads in Belgrade. Grab samples collected upstream and downstream of Belgrade were also analyzed. RNA was quantified using RT-qPCR with primer sets targeting nudeocapsid (N1 and N2) and envelope (E) protein genes. SARS-CoV-2 RNA (5.97 x 10(3) to 132 x 10(4) copies,1) was detected only in samples collected at the site strongly impacted by the wastewaters where all three applied primer sets gave positive signals. Determined concentrations correspond to those reported in wastewater influents sampled at treatment plants in other countries indicating an epidemiological indicator function of used approach for rivers with high pollution loads in countries with poor wastewater treatment.",
publisher = "Elsevier, Amsterdam",
journal = "Science of the Total Environment",
title = "Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River in Serbia associated with the discharge of untreated wastewaters",
volume = "783",
doi = "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146967"
}

Kolarević, S., Micsinai, A., Szanto-Egesz, R., Lukacs, A., Kracun-Kolarević, M., Lundy, L., Kirschner, A. K. T., Farnleitner, A., Djukic, A., Colic, J., Nenin, T., Sunjog, K.,& Paunović, M.. (2021). Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River in Serbia associated with the discharge of untreated wastewaters. in Science of the Total Environment
Elsevier, Amsterdam., 783.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146967

Kolarević S, Micsinai A, Szanto-Egesz R, Lukacs A, Kracun-Kolarević M, Lundy L, Kirschner AKT, Farnleitner A, Djukic A, Colic J, Nenin T, Sunjog K, Paunović M. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River in Serbia associated with the discharge of untreated wastewaters. in Science of the Total Environment. 2021;783.
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146967 .

Kolarević, Stoimir, Micsinai, Adrienn, Szanto-Egesz, Reka, Lukacs, Alena, Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta, Lundy, Lian, Kirschner, Alexander K. T., Farnleitner, Andreas, Djukic, Aleksandar, Colic, Jasna, Nenin, Tanja, Sunjog, Karolina, Paunović, Momir, "Detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the Danube River in Serbia associated with the discharge of untreated wastewaters" in Science of the Total Environment, 783 (2021),
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146967 . .

TY  - CONF
AU  - Kolarević, Stoimir
AU  - Kirschner, Alexander K. T.
AU  - Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta
AU  - Kostić-Vuković, Jovana
AU  - Gačić, Zoran
AU  - Farnleitner, Andreas
AU  - Reischer, Georg
AU  - Paunović, Momir
AU  - Vuković-Gačić, Branka
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1719
AB  - The level of genotoxic pollution was assessed along the Danube River and its most significant tributary Sava River by measuring the level of DNA damage in aquatic organisms collected from the selected sites. The Danube River survey was conducted within the Joint Danube Survey 3 project in 2013 on 34 sites along the 2285 rkm using mussels (Unio sp.) and fish (Alburnus alburnus) as bioindicators. The Sava River survey was conducted within the Globaqua project in 2015 at 12 sites along 900 rkm using fish (A. alburnus/Alburnoides bipunctatus) as bioindicators. The level of DNA damage was evaluated by the comet assay in haemocytes of mussels and blood cells of fish. The level of faecal pollution along the rivers was studied in parallel with genotoxicological surveys by using the standard indicators, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterococci. Quantification was performed with Colilert/Enterolert Quanti-Tray 2000 and MPN approach. Quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based assays for analysis of human- or animal-associated genetic Bacteroidetes faecal markers have been used for tracking the source of pollution (microbial source tracking -MST). The human-associated BacHum and HF183II, the ruminantassociated BacR and the pig-associated Pig2Bac fecal markers were selected. The hotspots of faecal pollution were detected at both rivers. Presence of pollution was especially evident in the countries in which the legislation related to wastewater treatment and management is not fully implemented. In the case of the Danube River the most critical section of the river was the Pannonian plain (sector VI) while in the case of the Sava River the most affected section was the lower stretch of the river. The results of MST revealed the presence of human-associated fecal markers BacHum and HF183II in the majority of the analyzed samples. High correlation was observed between the standard fecal indicators and human associated faecal markers. Within the Danube survey, the highest levels of DNA damage were recorded in organisms from the section
VI, which is under the impact of untreated wastewater discharges. In 2013 the Sava River was characterized with a lower level of both faecal and genotoxic pollution in comparison with the Danube. Similar observations were found within the Sava River survey in 2015 where the level of DNA damage in fish specimens from Sava was lower in comparison with the samples from the Danube. At both rivers detected genotoxic potential was traceable to the deterioration of quality by communal and industrial wastewaters. Acknowledgements: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, EU Seventh Framework Program GLOBAQUA (no. 603629-ENV-2013-6.2.1). Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia projects no. 173045 and 173025, the bilateral project Serbia and Austria: SER Ev. No. 451-03-01039/2015-09/33.
PB  - University of Agriculture in Krakow
C3  - Central and Eastern European Conference on Health and Environment CEECHE 2018, Krakow, Poland
T1  - Identification of hotspots of genotoxicological and faecal pollution along the Danube and Sava rivers – the whole river surveys
SP  - 51
UR  - https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1719
ER  - 

@conference{
author = "Kolarević, Stoimir and Kirschner, Alexander K. T. and Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta and Kostić-Vuković, Jovana and Gačić, Zoran and Farnleitner, Andreas and Reischer, Georg and Paunović, Momir and Vuković-Gačić, Branka",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The level of genotoxic pollution was assessed along the Danube River and its most significant tributary Sava River by measuring the level of DNA damage in aquatic organisms collected from the selected sites. The Danube River survey was conducted within the Joint Danube Survey 3 project in 2013 on 34 sites along the 2285 rkm using mussels (Unio sp.) and fish (Alburnus alburnus) as bioindicators. The Sava River survey was conducted within the Globaqua project in 2015 at 12 sites along 900 rkm using fish (A. alburnus/Alburnoides bipunctatus) as bioindicators. The level of DNA damage was evaluated by the comet assay in haemocytes of mussels and blood cells of fish. The level of faecal pollution along the rivers was studied in parallel with genotoxicological surveys by using the standard indicators, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and Enterococci. Quantification was performed with Colilert/Enterolert Quanti-Tray 2000 and MPN approach. Quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based assays for analysis of human- or animal-associated genetic Bacteroidetes faecal markers have been used for tracking the source of pollution (microbial source tracking -MST). The human-associated BacHum and HF183II, the ruminantassociated BacR and the pig-associated Pig2Bac fecal markers were selected. The hotspots of faecal pollution were detected at both rivers. Presence of pollution was especially evident in the countries in which the legislation related to wastewater treatment and management is not fully implemented. In the case of the Danube River the most critical section of the river was the Pannonian plain (sector VI) while in the case of the Sava River the most affected section was the lower stretch of the river. The results of MST revealed the presence of human-associated fecal markers BacHum and HF183II in the majority of the analyzed samples. High correlation was observed between the standard fecal indicators and human associated faecal markers. Within the Danube survey, the highest levels of DNA damage were recorded in organisms from the section
VI, which is under the impact of untreated wastewater discharges. In 2013 the Sava River was characterized with a lower level of both faecal and genotoxic pollution in comparison with the Danube. Similar observations were found within the Sava River survey in 2015 where the level of DNA damage in fish specimens from Sava was lower in comparison with the samples from the Danube. At both rivers detected genotoxic potential was traceable to the deterioration of quality by communal and industrial wastewaters. Acknowledgements: International Commission for the Protection of the Danube River, EU Seventh Framework Program GLOBAQUA (no. 603629-ENV-2013-6.2.1). Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia projects no. 173045 and 173025, the bilateral project Serbia and Austria: SER Ev. No. 451-03-01039/2015-09/33.",
publisher = "University of Agriculture in Krakow",
journal = "Central and Eastern European Conference on Health and Environment CEECHE 2018, Krakow, Poland",
title = "Identification of hotspots of genotoxicological and faecal pollution along the Danube and Sava rivers – the whole river surveys",
pages = "51",
url = "https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1719"
}

Kolarević, S., Kirschner, A. K. T., Kracun-Kolarević, M., Kostić-Vuković, J., Gačić, Z., Farnleitner, A., Reischer, G., Paunović, M.,& Vuković-Gačić, B.. (2018). Identification of hotspots of genotoxicological and faecal pollution along the Danube and Sava rivers – the whole river surveys. in Central and Eastern European Conference on Health and Environment CEECHE 2018, Krakow, Poland
University of Agriculture in Krakow., 51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1719

Kolarević S, Kirschner AKT, Kracun-Kolarević M, Kostić-Vuković J, Gačić Z, Farnleitner A, Reischer G, Paunović M, Vuković-Gačić B. Identification of hotspots of genotoxicological and faecal pollution along the Danube and Sava rivers – the whole river surveys. in Central and Eastern European Conference on Health and Environment CEECHE 2018, Krakow, Poland. 2018;:51.
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1719 .

Kolarević, Stoimir, Kirschner, Alexander K. T., Kracun-Kolarević, Margareta, Kostić-Vuković, Jovana, Gačić, Zoran, Farnleitner, Andreas, Reischer, Georg, Paunović, Momir, Vuković-Gačić, Branka, "Identification of hotspots of genotoxicological and faecal pollution along the Danube and Sava rivers – the whole river surveys" in Central and Eastern European Conference on Health and Environment CEECHE 2018, Krakow, Poland (2018):51,
https://hdl.handle.net/21.15107/rcub_rimsi_1719 .