TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živanović, Branka  D.
AU  - Ullrich, Kristian
AU  - Spasić, Slađana
AU  - Galland, Paul
PY  - 2023
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/2305
AB  - Guttation, the formation of exudation water, is widespread among plants and fungi, yet the 
underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We describe the conditions for inducing guttation in sporangiophores of the mucoracean fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Cultivation on 
peptone-enriched potato dextrose agar elicits vigorous guttation mainly below the apical growing 
zone, while sporangiophores raised on a glucose-mineral medium manifest only moderate guttation. 
Mycelia do not guttate irrespective of the employed media. The topology of guttation droplets 
allows identifying the non-growing part of the sporangiophore as a guttation zone, which responds 
to humidity and medium composition in ways that become relevant for turgor homeostasis and thus the sensor physiology of the growing zone. Apparently, the entire sporangiophore, rather than 
exclusively the growing zone, participates in signal reception and integration to generate a common growth output. Exogenous auxin applied to the growing zones elicits two correlated responses: (i) formation of guttation droplets in the growing and transition zones below the sporangium and (ii) a diminution of the growth rate. In sporangiophore populations, guttation-induction by exogenous control buffer occurs at low frequencies; the bias for guttation increases with increasing auxin concentration. Synthetic auxins and the transport inhibitor NPA suppress guttation completely, but leave growth rates largely unaffected. Mutants C2 carA and C148 carA madC display higher sensitivities for auxin-induced guttation compared to wild type. A working model for guttation includes aquaporins and mechanosensitive ion channels that we identified in Phycomyces by sequence domain searches.
PB  - Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2023
T2  - Protoplasma
T1  - Auxin‑ and pH‑induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth
EP  - 1133
SP  - 1109
VL  - 260
DO  - 10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živanović, Branka  D. and Ullrich, Kristian and Spasić, Slađana and Galland, Paul",
year = "2023",
abstract = "Guttation, the formation of exudation water, is widespread among plants and fungi, yet the 
underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. We describe the conditions for inducing guttation in sporangiophores of the mucoracean fungus, Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Cultivation on 
peptone-enriched potato dextrose agar elicits vigorous guttation mainly below the apical growing 
zone, while sporangiophores raised on a glucose-mineral medium manifest only moderate guttation. 
Mycelia do not guttate irrespective of the employed media. The topology of guttation droplets 
allows identifying the non-growing part of the sporangiophore as a guttation zone, which responds 
to humidity and medium composition in ways that become relevant for turgor homeostasis and thus the sensor physiology of the growing zone. Apparently, the entire sporangiophore, rather than 
exclusively the growing zone, participates in signal reception and integration to generate a common growth output. Exogenous auxin applied to the growing zones elicits two correlated responses: (i) formation of guttation droplets in the growing and transition zones below the sporangium and (ii) a diminution of the growth rate. In sporangiophore populations, guttation-induction by exogenous control buffer occurs at low frequencies; the bias for guttation increases with increasing auxin concentration. Synthetic auxins and the transport inhibitor NPA suppress guttation completely, but leave growth rates largely unaffected. Mutants C2 carA and C148 carA madC display higher sensitivities for auxin-induced guttation compared to wild type. A working model for guttation includes aquaporins and mechanosensitive ion channels that we identified in Phycomyces by sequence domain searches.",
publisher = "Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2023",
journal = "Protoplasma",
title = "Auxin‑ and pH‑induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth",
pages = "1133-1109",
volume = "260",
doi = "10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3"
}

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich, K., Spasić, S.,& Galland, P.. (2023). Auxin‑ and pH‑induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth. in Protoplasma
Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature 2023., 260, 1109-1133.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich K, Spasić S, Galland P. Auxin‑ and pH‑induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth. in Protoplasma. 2023;260:1109-1133.
doi:10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3 .

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich, Kristian, Spasić, Slađana, Galland, Paul, "Auxin‑ and pH‑induced guttation in Phycomyces sporangiophores: relation between guttation and diminished elongation growth" in Protoplasma, 260 (2023):1109-1133,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-022-01833-3 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Živanović, Branka  D.
AU  - Ullrich, Kristian K.
AU  - Steffens, Bianka
AU  - Spasić, Slađana
AU  - Galland, Paul
PY  - 2018
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1164
AB  - The roles of fungal auxins in the regulation of elongation growth, photo-, and gravitropism are completely unknown. We analyzed the effects of exogenous IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), various synthetic auxins including 1-NAA (1-naphthaleneacctic acid) and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), and the auxin transport inhibitor NPA (N-1-naphtylphtalamic acid) on the growth rate and bending of the unicellular sporangiophore of the zygomycete fungus. Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Sporangiophores that were submerged in an aqueous buffer responded to IAA with a sustained enhancement of the growth rate, while 1-NAA, 2,4-D. and NPA elicited an inhibition. In contrast, sporangiophores kept in air responded to IAA with a 20 to 40% decrease of the growth rate, while 1-NAA and NPA elicited an enhancement. The unilateral and local application of IAA in the growing zone of the sporangiophore elicited in 30 min a moderate negative tropic bending in wild type C2 and mutant C148madC, which was, however, partially masked by a concomitant avoidance response caused by the aqueous buffer. Auxin transport-related genes ubiquitous in plants were found in a BLAST search of the Phycomyces genome. They included members of the AUX1 (auxin influx carrier protein 1), PILS (PIN-LIKES, auxin transport facilitator protein), and ABCB (plant ATP-binding cassette transporter B) families while members of the PIN family were absent. Our observations imply that IAA represents an intrinsic element of the sensory transduction of Phycomyces and that its mode of action must very likely differ in several respects from that operating in plant.
PB  - Springer Wien, Wien
T2  - Protoplasma
T1  - The effect of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) on the growth rate and tropism of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus and identification of auxin-related genes
EP  - 1347
IS  - 5
SP  - 1331
VL  - 255
DO  - 10.1007/s00709-018-1232-2
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Živanović, Branka  D. and Ullrich, Kristian K. and Steffens, Bianka and Spasić, Slađana and Galland, Paul",
year = "2018",
abstract = "The roles of fungal auxins in the regulation of elongation growth, photo-, and gravitropism are completely unknown. We analyzed the effects of exogenous IAA (indole-3-acetic acid), various synthetic auxins including 1-NAA (1-naphthaleneacctic acid) and 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid), and the auxin transport inhibitor NPA (N-1-naphtylphtalamic acid) on the growth rate and bending of the unicellular sporangiophore of the zygomycete fungus. Phycomyces blakesleeanus. Sporangiophores that were submerged in an aqueous buffer responded to IAA with a sustained enhancement of the growth rate, while 1-NAA, 2,4-D. and NPA elicited an inhibition. In contrast, sporangiophores kept in air responded to IAA with a 20 to 40% decrease of the growth rate, while 1-NAA and NPA elicited an enhancement. The unilateral and local application of IAA in the growing zone of the sporangiophore elicited in 30 min a moderate negative tropic bending in wild type C2 and mutant C148madC, which was, however, partially masked by a concomitant avoidance response caused by the aqueous buffer. Auxin transport-related genes ubiquitous in plants were found in a BLAST search of the Phycomyces genome. They included members of the AUX1 (auxin influx carrier protein 1), PILS (PIN-LIKES, auxin transport facilitator protein), and ABCB (plant ATP-binding cassette transporter B) families while members of the PIN family were absent. Our observations imply that IAA represents an intrinsic element of the sensory transduction of Phycomyces and that its mode of action must very likely differ in several respects from that operating in plant.",
publisher = "Springer Wien, Wien",
journal = "Protoplasma",
title = "The effect of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) on the growth rate and tropism of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus and identification of auxin-related genes",
pages = "1347-1331",
number = "5",
volume = "255",
doi = "10.1007/s00709-018-1232-2"
}

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich, K. K., Steffens, B., Spasić, S.,& Galland, P.. (2018). The effect of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) on the growth rate and tropism of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus and identification of auxin-related genes. in Protoplasma
Springer Wien, Wien., 255(5), 1331-1347.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-018-1232-2

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich KK, Steffens B, Spasić S, Galland P. The effect of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) on the growth rate and tropism of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus and identification of auxin-related genes. in Protoplasma. 2018;255(5):1331-1347.
doi:10.1007/s00709-018-1232-2 .

Živanović, Branka  D., Ullrich, Kristian K., Steffens, Bianka, Spasić, Slađana, Galland, Paul, "The effect of auxin (indole-3-acetic acid) on the growth rate and tropism of the sporangiophore of Phycomyces blakesleeanus and identification of auxin-related genes" in Protoplasma, 255, no. 5 (2018):1331-1347,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00709-018-1232-2 . .