TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulajic, Aleksandra
AU  - Djekic, Ivana
AU  - Jović, Jelena
AU  - Krnjajić, Slobodan
AU  - Vucurović, Ana B
AU  - Krstic, Branka
PY  - 2010
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/413
AB  - In a survey to determine the presence of Phytophthora ramorum in Serbia, ornamentals from garden centers, nurseries, and private and public gardens, as well as imported plant material, were inspected. In total, 577 plant, soil, and potting media samples were tested using various detection methods: lateral flow diagnostic test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, conventional polymerase chain reaction, and isolation, followed by identification based on growth characteristics in culture and morphological features. P. ramorum was not detected in any of the 162 soil or potting media tested by the baiting method. P. ramorum was detected in 12 Rhododendron samples from one private garden in Zemun (City of Belgrade District) exhibiting symptoms of leaf necrosis and blight and petiole necrosis, and in three samples of Pieris spp. from one garden center exhibiting symptoms of leaf necrosis. Eight Phytophthora isolates were obtained from the positive Rhododendron plants and three isolates from Pieris plants, and all were identified as P. ramorum on the basis of their uniform morphological and growth characteristics. P. ramorum conformation was also made by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions for a single isolate taken from one infected rhododendron and one pieris plant. Serbian isolates were determined as A1 mating type, due to formation of a few typical sexual structures when crossed with the A2 mating type of P. cinnamomi and P. cryptogea. Pathogenicity test on non-wounded detached leaves of 19 popular ornamentals, as well as the most frequently imported ones, revealed that 10 host species were susceptible, including Robinia pseudoacacia, which is widely distributed in Serbia. During this study, Cotoneaster horizontalis and C. dammeri were determined to be new experimental hosts of P ramorum. This article provides evidence of P. ramorum introduction into Serbia. Although P. ramorum has not been detected in Serbian production nurseries, its presence outdoors might cause severe damages on susceptible common urban plants in public green and natural ecosystems.
PB  - Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul
T2  - Plant Disease
T1  - Phytophthora ramorum Occurrence in Ornamentals in Serbia
EP  - 708
IS  - 6
SP  - 703
VL  - 94
DO  - 10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0703
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulajic, Aleksandra and Djekic, Ivana and Jović, Jelena and Krnjajić, Slobodan and Vucurović, Ana B and Krstic, Branka",
year = "2010",
abstract = "In a survey to determine the presence of Phytophthora ramorum in Serbia, ornamentals from garden centers, nurseries, and private and public gardens, as well as imported plant material, were inspected. In total, 577 plant, soil, and potting media samples were tested using various detection methods: lateral flow diagnostic test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, conventional polymerase chain reaction, and isolation, followed by identification based on growth characteristics in culture and morphological features. P. ramorum was not detected in any of the 162 soil or potting media tested by the baiting method. P. ramorum was detected in 12 Rhododendron samples from one private garden in Zemun (City of Belgrade District) exhibiting symptoms of leaf necrosis and blight and petiole necrosis, and in three samples of Pieris spp. from one garden center exhibiting symptoms of leaf necrosis. Eight Phytophthora isolates were obtained from the positive Rhododendron plants and three isolates from Pieris plants, and all were identified as P. ramorum on the basis of their uniform morphological and growth characteristics. P. ramorum conformation was also made by sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer regions for a single isolate taken from one infected rhododendron and one pieris plant. Serbian isolates were determined as A1 mating type, due to formation of a few typical sexual structures when crossed with the A2 mating type of P. cinnamomi and P. cryptogea. Pathogenicity test on non-wounded detached leaves of 19 popular ornamentals, as well as the most frequently imported ones, revealed that 10 host species were susceptible, including Robinia pseudoacacia, which is widely distributed in Serbia. During this study, Cotoneaster horizontalis and C. dammeri were determined to be new experimental hosts of P ramorum. This article provides evidence of P. ramorum introduction into Serbia. Although P. ramorum has not been detected in Serbian production nurseries, its presence outdoors might cause severe damages on susceptible common urban plants in public green and natural ecosystems.",
publisher = "Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul",
journal = "Plant Disease",
title = "Phytophthora ramorum Occurrence in Ornamentals in Serbia",
pages = "708-703",
number = "6",
volume = "94",
doi = "10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0703"
}

Bulajic, A., Djekic, I., Jović, J., Krnjajić, S., Vucurović, A. B.,& Krstic, B.. (2010). Phytophthora ramorum Occurrence in Ornamentals in Serbia. in Plant Disease
Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul., 94(6), 703-708.
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0703

Bulajic A, Djekic I, Jović J, Krnjajić S, Vucurović AB, Krstic B. Phytophthora ramorum Occurrence in Ornamentals in Serbia. in Plant Disease. 2010;94(6):703-708.
doi:10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0703 .

Bulajic, Aleksandra, Djekic, Ivana, Jović, Jelena, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Vucurović, Ana B, Krstic, Branka, "Phytophthora ramorum Occurrence in Ornamentals in Serbia" in Plant Disease, 94, no. 6 (2010):703-708,
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-94-6-0703 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulajic, Aleksandra
AU  - Jović, Jelena
AU  - Krnjajić, Slobodan
AU  - Djekic, I.
AU  - Krstic, B.
PY  - 2009
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/316
AB  - In Europe Phytophthora ramorum has been reported on a range of
ornamentals as well as on a limited number of tree species in at least in 11
countries: UK, Spain, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, France,
Switzerland, Poland, Slovenia, France and Norway (http://rapra.csl.gov.uk).
It is recorded mainly on Rhododendron but other hosts including Camellia,
Kalmia, Pieris and Viburnum are also affected. This pathogen is regarded
to be a potential source of inoculum for tree epidemics in Europe.
In June 2008, symptoms resembling those of P. ramorum were observed on
12 specimens of Rhododendron sp. cv. Baden – Baden in an open garden
in the vicinity of Zemun, Serbia. Plants with symptoms of leaf necrosis and
blight and petiole necrosis were sampled and examined. Pieces of leaf
tissue from the edge of lesions were surface-sterilized (70% ethanol) and
placed on carrot piece agar, CPA (Werres et al., 2001). After 4–7 days
incubation, isolates were slow growing with numerous semipapillate
caducous sporangia ((35–80 (54) × 17–32 (26) μm) and large chlamydospores (average diameter 48 μm). The mating type was determined as
A1, due to formation of typical sexual structures when crossed with A2
mating type of P. cinnamomi and P. cryptogea. The identity of the isolates
was confirmed by PCR using Phyto1/4 primer pair (Hayden et al., 2004).
A representative isolate (Pr92-08) was sequenced (GenBank Accession No.
EU915480) and the ITS sequence was identical to other P. ramorum
isolates on NCBI GenBank database.
Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation of non-wounded detached
leaves (Denman et al., 2005) of 15 different host plants. First necrotic spots
were noticeable after 3 day incubation in moist chamber in laboratory on
Rhododendron variegatum, R. morgenrot and Viburnum plicatum. The
control leaves, inoculated with sterile water, showed no reactions. In all
cases, the pathogen was successfully recovered from leaves with symptoms
and also detected using PCR.
This is the first report of P. ramorum on Rhododendron plants in Serbia.
The infected plants were destroyed and measures were taken to eradicate
the pathogen according to EU legislation. The discovery of infected
Rhododendron plants should prompt more detailed surveys, thorough
inspections and subsequent testing in other areas of Serbia.
PB  - Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken
T2  - Plant Pathology
T1  - First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron sp in Serbia
EP  - 804
IS  - 4
SP  - 804
VL  - 58
DO  - 10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02033.x
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulajic, Aleksandra and Jović, Jelena and Krnjajić, Slobodan and Djekic, I. and Krstic, B.",
year = "2009",
abstract = "In Europe Phytophthora ramorum has been reported on a range of
ornamentals as well as on a limited number of tree species in at least in 11
countries: UK, Spain, Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, Italy, France,
Switzerland, Poland, Slovenia, France and Norway (http://rapra.csl.gov.uk).
It is recorded mainly on Rhododendron but other hosts including Camellia,
Kalmia, Pieris and Viburnum are also affected. This pathogen is regarded
to be a potential source of inoculum for tree epidemics in Europe.
In June 2008, symptoms resembling those of P. ramorum were observed on
12 specimens of Rhododendron sp. cv. Baden – Baden in an open garden
in the vicinity of Zemun, Serbia. Plants with symptoms of leaf necrosis and
blight and petiole necrosis were sampled and examined. Pieces of leaf
tissue from the edge of lesions were surface-sterilized (70% ethanol) and
placed on carrot piece agar, CPA (Werres et al., 2001). After 4–7 days
incubation, isolates were slow growing with numerous semipapillate
caducous sporangia ((35–80 (54) × 17–32 (26) μm) and large chlamydospores (average diameter 48 μm). The mating type was determined as
A1, due to formation of typical sexual structures when crossed with A2
mating type of P. cinnamomi and P. cryptogea. The identity of the isolates
was confirmed by PCR using Phyto1/4 primer pair (Hayden et al., 2004).
A representative isolate (Pr92-08) was sequenced (GenBank Accession No.
EU915480) and the ITS sequence was identical to other P. ramorum
isolates on NCBI GenBank database.
Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculation of non-wounded detached
leaves (Denman et al., 2005) of 15 different host plants. First necrotic spots
were noticeable after 3 day incubation in moist chamber in laboratory on
Rhododendron variegatum, R. morgenrot and Viburnum plicatum. The
control leaves, inoculated with sterile water, showed no reactions. In all
cases, the pathogen was successfully recovered from leaves with symptoms
and also detected using PCR.
This is the first report of P. ramorum on Rhododendron plants in Serbia.
The infected plants were destroyed and measures were taken to eradicate
the pathogen according to EU legislation. The discovery of infected
Rhododendron plants should prompt more detailed surveys, thorough
inspections and subsequent testing in other areas of Serbia.",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken",
journal = "Plant Pathology",
title = "First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron sp in Serbia",
pages = "804-804",
number = "4",
volume = "58",
doi = "10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02033.x"
}

Bulajic, A., Jović, J., Krnjajić, S., Djekic, I.,& Krstic, B.. (2009). First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron sp in Serbia. in Plant Pathology
Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken., 58(4), 804-804.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02033.x

Bulajic A, Jović J, Krnjajić S, Djekic I, Krstic B. First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron sp in Serbia. in Plant Pathology. 2009;58(4):804-804.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02033.x .

Bulajic, Aleksandra, Jović, Jelena, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Djekic, I., Krstic, B., "First report of Phytophthora ramorum on Rhododendron sp in Serbia" in Plant Pathology, 58, no. 4 (2009):804-804,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2009.02033.x . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulajic, Aleksandra
AU  - Djekic, Ivana
AU  - Jović, Jelena
AU  - Krnjajić, Slobodan
AU  - Vucurović, Ana
AU  - Krstic, Branka
PY  - 2009
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/303
AB  - In a survey to determine the presence and distribution of It-is yellows, spot virus (IYSV) in greenhouse ornamentals and onion field crops in 14 districts of Serbia as well as on imported ornamental plants, 1,574 samples were collected and analyzed by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). IYSV was not detected in nearly 1,200 plant samples collected from 39 genera of ornamentals grown in greenhouses in Serbia or imported from other countries during 2005 to 2007. The virus was detected in samples from an onion seed crop in the Sirig locality (South Backa District) that showed symptoms resembling those caused by IYSV and in samples without IYSV-Iike symptoms from an onion bulb crop in the Obrenovac locality (City of Belgrade District). Mechanical transmission of IYSV isolates was difficult, and only the isolate 605-SRB could infect four plant species, but not in all replications. No virus transmission could be demonstrated in 5,000 tested seeds originating from IYSV-infected onion crops. For further confirmation of IYSV, the nucleotide sequence of its nucleocapsid (NC) gene was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in symptomatic onion samples as well as in symptomless leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. Four previously developed primers were tested to determine their suitability for routine detection of Serbian IYSV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of isolates 605-SRB and 622-SRB from the onion seed crop and isolate 283-SRB front the onion bulb crop into two distant clades. The analysis indicated that Serbian isolates of IYSV do not share a recent common ancestor and that they represent two distinct lineages of IYSV in Serbia. Considering that onion is one of the most important and traditionally grown vegetable crops in Serbia, IYSV represents a potentially devastating pathogen in this country.
PB  - Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul
T2  - Plant Disease
T1  - Incidence and Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Serbia
EP  - 982
IS  - 10
SP  - 976
VL  - 93
DO  - 10.1094/PDIS-93-10-0976
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulajic, Aleksandra and Djekic, Ivana and Jović, Jelena and Krnjajić, Slobodan and Vucurović, Ana and Krstic, Branka",
year = "2009",
abstract = "In a survey to determine the presence and distribution of It-is yellows, spot virus (IYSV) in greenhouse ornamentals and onion field crops in 14 districts of Serbia as well as on imported ornamental plants, 1,574 samples were collected and analyzed by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). IYSV was not detected in nearly 1,200 plant samples collected from 39 genera of ornamentals grown in greenhouses in Serbia or imported from other countries during 2005 to 2007. The virus was detected in samples from an onion seed crop in the Sirig locality (South Backa District) that showed symptoms resembling those caused by IYSV and in samples without IYSV-Iike symptoms from an onion bulb crop in the Obrenovac locality (City of Belgrade District). Mechanical transmission of IYSV isolates was difficult, and only the isolate 605-SRB could infect four plant species, but not in all replications. No virus transmission could be demonstrated in 5,000 tested seeds originating from IYSV-infected onion crops. For further confirmation of IYSV, the nucleotide sequence of its nucleocapsid (NC) gene was obtained by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in symptomatic onion samples as well as in symptomless leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana. Four previously developed primers were tested to determine their suitability for routine detection of Serbian IYSV isolates. Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of isolates 605-SRB and 622-SRB from the onion seed crop and isolate 283-SRB front the onion bulb crop into two distant clades. The analysis indicated that Serbian isolates of IYSV do not share a recent common ancestor and that they represent two distinct lineages of IYSV in Serbia. Considering that onion is one of the most important and traditionally grown vegetable crops in Serbia, IYSV represents a potentially devastating pathogen in this country.",
publisher = "Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul",
journal = "Plant Disease",
title = "Incidence and Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Serbia",
pages = "982-976",
number = "10",
volume = "93",
doi = "10.1094/PDIS-93-10-0976"
}

Bulajic, A., Djekic, I., Jović, J., Krnjajić, S., Vucurović, A.,& Krstic, B.. (2009). Incidence and Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Serbia. in Plant Disease
Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul., 93(10), 976-982.
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-10-0976

Bulajic A, Djekic I, Jović J, Krnjajić S, Vucurović A, Krstic B. Incidence and Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Serbia. in Plant Disease. 2009;93(10):976-982.
doi:10.1094/PDIS-93-10-0976 .

Bulajic, Aleksandra, Djekic, Ivana, Jović, Jelena, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Vucurović, Ana, Krstic, Branka, "Incidence and Distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion in Serbia" in Plant Disease, 93, no. 10 (2009):976-982,
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-93-10-0976 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Bulajic, Aleksandra
AU  - Jović, Jelena
AU  - Krnjajić, Slobodan
AU  - Petrov, M.
AU  - Djekic, I.
AU  - Krstic, B.
PY  - 2008
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/296
PB  - Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul
T2  - Plant Disease
T1  - First report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia
EP  - 1247
IS  - 8
SP  - 1247
VL  - 92
DO  - 10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1247A
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Bulajic, Aleksandra and Jović, Jelena and Krnjajić, Slobodan and Petrov, M. and Djekic, I. and Krstic, B.",
year = "2008",
publisher = "Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul",
journal = "Plant Disease",
title = "First report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia",
pages = "1247-1247",
number = "8",
volume = "92",
doi = "10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1247A"
}

Bulajic, A., Jović, J., Krnjajić, S., Petrov, M., Djekic, I.,& Krstic, B.. (2008). First report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia. in Plant Disease
Amer Phytopathological Soc, St Paul., 92(8), 1247-1247.
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1247A

Bulajic A, Jović J, Krnjajić S, Petrov M, Djekic I, Krstic B. First report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia. in Plant Disease. 2008;92(8):1247-1247.
doi:10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1247A .

Bulajic, Aleksandra, Jović, Jelena, Krnjajić, Slobodan, Petrov, M., Djekic, I., Krstic, B., "First report of Iris yellow spot virus on Onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia" in Plant Disease, 92, no. 8 (2008):1247-1247,
https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-92-8-1247A . .