TY  - JOUR
AU  - Đorđević, Zorana
AU  - Novković, Dragan
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1255
AB  - The overall experience of religious practice is significantly affected by the acoustical properties of temples. Divine service is the most important act in the Orthodox Church, which equally demands intelligibility of speech for preaching and as well as adequate acoustics for Byzantine chanting as a form of a song-prayer. In order to better understand and contribute to unlocking the role of sound in these historical sacral spaces, this paper explores the acoustics of two well-preserved Orthodox churches, from Ljubostinja and Naupara monastery, built in the last building period of medieval Serbia (1371-1459). These represent two types of the Morava architectural style - triconch combined with a developed and compressed inscribed cross, respectively. Using EASERA software, we measured the impulse response for two sound source positions - in the altar and in the southern chanting apse, as the main points from which the Orthodox service is carried out. Thus obtained acoustic parameters (RT, EDT, C50 and STI) were further analysed, pointing out the differences in experiencing sound between naos and narthex, as well as how the position of the sound source influenced the experience of sound. Finally, we compared the results with previous archaeoacoustic research of the churches from the same building period.
PB  - De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, Warsaw
T2  - Open Archaeology
T1  - Archaeoacoustic Research of Ljubostinja and Naupara Medieval Monastic Churches
EP  - 283
IS  - 1
SP  - 274
VL  - 5
DO  - 10.1515/opar-2019-0018
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Đorđević, Zorana and Novković, Dragan",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The overall experience of religious practice is significantly affected by the acoustical properties of temples. Divine service is the most important act in the Orthodox Church, which equally demands intelligibility of speech for preaching and as well as adequate acoustics for Byzantine chanting as a form of a song-prayer. In order to better understand and contribute to unlocking the role of sound in these historical sacral spaces, this paper explores the acoustics of two well-preserved Orthodox churches, from Ljubostinja and Naupara monastery, built in the last building period of medieval Serbia (1371-1459). These represent two types of the Morava architectural style - triconch combined with a developed and compressed inscribed cross, respectively. Using EASERA software, we measured the impulse response for two sound source positions - in the altar and in the southern chanting apse, as the main points from which the Orthodox service is carried out. Thus obtained acoustic parameters (RT, EDT, C50 and STI) were further analysed, pointing out the differences in experiencing sound between naos and narthex, as well as how the position of the sound source influenced the experience of sound. Finally, we compared the results with previous archaeoacoustic research of the churches from the same building period.",
publisher = "De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, Warsaw",
journal = "Open Archaeology",
title = "Archaeoacoustic Research of Ljubostinja and Naupara Medieval Monastic Churches",
pages = "283-274",
number = "1",
volume = "5",
doi = "10.1515/opar-2019-0018"
}

Đorđević, Z.,& Novković, D.. (2019). Archaeoacoustic Research of Ljubostinja and Naupara Medieval Monastic Churches. in Open Archaeology
De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, Warsaw., 5(1), 274-283.
https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2019-0018

Đorđević Z, Novković D. Archaeoacoustic Research of Ljubostinja and Naupara Medieval Monastic Churches. in Open Archaeology. 2019;5(1):274-283.
doi:10.1515/opar-2019-0018 .

Đorđević, Zorana, Novković, Dragan, "Archaeoacoustic Research of Ljubostinja and Naupara Medieval Monastic Churches" in Open Archaeology, 5, no. 1 (2019):274-283,
https://doi.org/10.1515/opar-2019-0018 . .

TY  - JOUR
AU  - Đorđević, Zorana
AU  - Novković, Dragan
AU  - Andric, Uros
PY  - 2019
UR  - http://rimsi.imsi.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1221
AB  - The acoustic analysis provides additional information on building tradition and related indoor practice that includes sound, thus deepening our understanding of architectural heritage. In this paper, the sound field of the Orthodox medieval church Lazarica (Kruevac city, Serbia) is examined. Lazarica is a representative of Morava architectural style, developed in the final period of the Serbian medieval state, when also the chanting art thrived, proving the importance of the aural environment in Serbian churches. The church plan is a combination of a traditional inscribed cross and a triconch. After the in situ measurement of acoustic impulse response using EASERA software, we built a computer model in the acoustic simulation software EASE and calibrated it accordingly. Following the parameters (reverberation time (T-30), early decay time (EDT) and speech transmission index (STI)), we examined the acoustic effect of the space occupancy, central dome and the iconostasis. In all the cases, no significant deviation between T-30 and EDT parameter was observed, which indicates uniform sound energy decay. Closing the dome with a flat ceiling did not show any significant impact on T-30, but it lowered speech intelligibility. The height of iconostasis showed no significant influence on the acoustics of Lazarica church.
PB  - MDPI, Basel
T2  - Acoustics
T1  - Archaeoacoustic Examination of Lazarica Church
EP  - 438
IS  - 2
SP  - 423
VL  - 1
DO  - 10.3390/acoustics1020024
ER  - 

@article{
author = "Đorđević, Zorana and Novković, Dragan and Andric, Uros",
year = "2019",
abstract = "The acoustic analysis provides additional information on building tradition and related indoor practice that includes sound, thus deepening our understanding of architectural heritage. In this paper, the sound field of the Orthodox medieval church Lazarica (Kruevac city, Serbia) is examined. Lazarica is a representative of Morava architectural style, developed in the final period of the Serbian medieval state, when also the chanting art thrived, proving the importance of the aural environment in Serbian churches. The church plan is a combination of a traditional inscribed cross and a triconch. After the in situ measurement of acoustic impulse response using EASERA software, we built a computer model in the acoustic simulation software EASE and calibrated it accordingly. Following the parameters (reverberation time (T-30), early decay time (EDT) and speech transmission index (STI)), we examined the acoustic effect of the space occupancy, central dome and the iconostasis. In all the cases, no significant deviation between T-30 and EDT parameter was observed, which indicates uniform sound energy decay. Closing the dome with a flat ceiling did not show any significant impact on T-30, but it lowered speech intelligibility. The height of iconostasis showed no significant influence on the acoustics of Lazarica church.",
publisher = "MDPI, Basel",
journal = "Acoustics",
title = "Archaeoacoustic Examination of Lazarica Church",
pages = "438-423",
number = "2",
volume = "1",
doi = "10.3390/acoustics1020024"
}

Đorđević, Z., Novković, D.,& Andric, U.. (2019). Archaeoacoustic Examination of Lazarica Church. in Acoustics
MDPI, Basel., 1(2), 423-438.
https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1020024

Đorđević Z, Novković D, Andric U. Archaeoacoustic Examination of Lazarica Church. in Acoustics. 2019;1(2):423-438.
doi:10.3390/acoustics1020024 .

Đorđević, Zorana, Novković, Dragan, Andric, Uros, "Archaeoacoustic Examination of Lazarica Church" in Acoustics, 1, no. 2 (2019):423-438,
https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1020024 . .